Burner pot



D. 17, 1940. J. l.. smgsslsv l BURNER POT Filed oct. 14. 19:58

' 5 oooooogoooooo o oooooooooo Mlm GLM/a I v icon ooo al 0 o e e o e o f@ i ff Patented Dec. 1940 2.2mm A {PLATsNT ori-Alca Y BURNER POT Y James L. Breese,v rSanta Fe, N. Mex., assigner to i! Devices. Santa'Fe. N. Mex., a limited mrt" nership organised under the Limited Partnership Act of Illinois i i Application October 1'4, 1938, Serial No; 234,919

e 8 Claims.

My invention relates to an improved liquidv fuel burner and the process of making it. e One purpose is the provision of improved means for manufacturing such a burner.

Another purpose is the provision of a burner which shall be efiicient in operation at all stages, from a low turn-down to a maximum flame,'and

which may be shifted from stage to stage without deposit of carbon or soot. l0

means for supplying primary air to a pot type' hydroxylizing burner in which ahydrocarbon is first vaporized by the heat of combustion, the gasI so formed being rst supplied with primary air 1g insuicient for complete combustion, the primary mixture so formed being thereafter burned oil by the additionvof a supply of secondary air. e

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the speciflcationand claims.

matically in theA accompanying drawing wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section through a burner;

Figure 2 is a section taken on' the line Figure 1 on a reduced scale; and

Figure 3 is a lplan view of the burner wall prior to its assembly into the burner and illustrating o the arrangement of air inlet apertures therein.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specication and drawing:

Referring to the drawing, i generally indicates the side wall oi', a burner prior to its assembly v into a finished burner. It is preferably made from sheet metal stock with the apertures, as below described. punched cr otherwise formed 4in it prior to its assembly in the burner. i

As a preferred arrangement of apertures. 1 illustrate a plurality of `rows including a bottom row I. an intermediate row 3, an upper row of 0. primary air inlet apertures 4,l and a still higher row t of secondary air inlet apertures. 8 generally indicates an intermediatespace between the rows land 4 which is preferably left blank although it will be understood that'under some cir.- cumstances a row of apertures may be inserted therein. Such a row, when used. would normally have no greater number of holes therein than the rows 2 or I and preferably would have an even smaller number of holes.

In assemblingthe device, the strip I may be formed into generally cylindrical form with the abutting edges 1 and 8 welded or otherwise se` sa It will be noted that the secondary air aper- Another purpose is the provision of an improved v I illustrate my invention more or less diagram'- tures i are considerably more numerous than the apertures in the rows 2,- t and 4. It will be 1inderstoodythat in the pot typeburner of which the present is an example, the liquid fuel. hydrocarbon or the like. is vaporized by the heat of 5 combustion going on above in the chamber gen# erally indicated as A. As the yaporized hydrocarbon` rises upwardly e through 7 the chamber A formed by themember l and thebottom l, it receives a primary air supply through the rows of i. apertures 2, 3 and 4. This'airlsupllly is suiclent to form an intermediate mixture ready forcombustion upon 'receiving an additional supply of air but with insulllcient air to support initial full l combustion. The mixture thus formed of air and u vaporized hydrocarbon risesupwardly through the pot or chamber A and, when it receives the secondary air supply through the row of apertures 5, is' ready for final andcomplete combustion. 1

I fina it desirable to employ a bame Ii in order 20 to permit a low or pilot turn-down. I nd it practical-to employ a simple ring with a central `aperture i2, but this is'merely an example ofl a baille form as battles of otherzforms are also practical. However, for purpose of illustration I de- 5 scribe and show the annulus Il with the central aperture l2. Y In the normal use of the device, and when al maximum tum-down is desired. the fuel Asupply through thelineil is reduced to a minimum by 3o' any suitable'valve means herein diagrammatically shown as Il. Enough fuel is'admitted to maintain a small fire in the lower portionof the pot A. Any suitable baiiling means such as the ring il is then eective to prevent down-drafts of air '35 Y from above whlchwould disturb the characteristicmode of combustion above described. When the portion of the chamber A below the pilot'ring Il is completely i'illed with a hydrocarbon gas, or vaporized hydrocarbon. which is obtaining oxyo gen from the relatively few holes of the row 2 below the ring, and Just the right amount completelyl to hydroxylize all of the gas in this area, the result is a clear smokeless blue llame burning at the mouth or aperture I2 of the pilot ring Il. '45 During this stage `of combustion it ls not important how the holes are spaced in the upper part of the chamber A, as the air coming through them plays no -part ln primary or final combustion.

When the operator, vin order to 'get a higher fire, increases the flow of'oilto ,a point where there is more vaporized hydrocarbon in the chamber below the pilot ring il than can be hydroxyllzed, then the hydrocarbon gases arise through 2 r the hole I2 into the upper portion c! the cham-.- ber. It is then very desirable to have them completely surrounded by an envelope of air. Part of this air envelope hydroxylizes thev hydrocarbon gas and the additional part burns the resulting gases to complete combustion without a trace of smoke or deposit of carbon or soot.

In the next stage, where a further increase of so non that they completely all the burner ehember A. In thatcase, it is not important how the holes are spacedproviding they are relatively iar apart.

' tration ofair at a level lust above the baille ring. I nud it desirable, therefore, to provide some vmeans for obtaining'the desired maximum air concentration and a simple means for obtaining it-is to position a closely spaced row of holes as at 3 so that there' is a very substantial air concentration or airenvelope admitted about the rising streamv oi gas. However, I must obtain this when the -burner 'is burning at full height, re-

ceives an .upper envelope of air through the apentures I and the process of combustion is completed with a full smokeless name at or above the top oi thechamber A. I also ilnd that the concentration of air by the close spacing ot apertures dq-inthe row lincreases the overall capacity of burner because the location of the closely row o! holes I immediately above the bottom ci the pot or chamber provides a maximum 'llnoimt of heat which, in turn, evaporates a max- 45 amountot oil. f

Y Vvt. lUnder some circumstances .it is desirable upwardly to tilt the uppermost row of apertures 5,

' in order to provide an upward and inward direction oi' the secondary air admitted through said is() apertures. This may be done p'rior to the bending of the member I into its final generally cylindrical form, but it is preferably done after potis formed. In either event, I iind it preferableto obtain the tilting by a positive deforma- 8g tion of the metal about the aperture;` Y

' I Similarly, the passages 2 of the lowest row may be downwardly inclined, which linclination is preibut not necessarily the assemen ri; will` vh rserhave nely scribed and ilmstrat'edza prscticai'and operative device and the process crushing it. 'nevertheless many changes may be made inthe size, shape, number and disposition-ot'parts without depart- 65 ing from the spirit or my invention.

wish my description and drawings to be taken as in a broad vsense illustrative or diagrammatic, rather than as limiting me to my precise showing. For example, whereasv I have illustrated two 70 pairs of row's of holes 2, 3 -and 4, I, the upper-row of each pair being at some time in the course oi combustion aA source of secondary air, it will be understood that I may increase the height of the burner and increase the number of such pairs otholes. I illustrate a baille il between the lower However, inthe intermediate stage it is exceedingly. important to provide a maximum concen- I therefore.

rows 2 and 3. nIt will be understood, of course, that I may employ bafing between the individual rows of other pairs if desired.

In any event, by employing the valve means i5 I may vary the supply of liquid hydrocarbon delivered along the line I8. It will be understood that when a minimum supply is employed, the

apertures 2 are the sole source of primary air oil is fed to the burner, the rising gases become and the apertures 3 provide the secondary air necessary to burn the mixture so formed. When the oil supply is increased, the apertures 4 are added to the apertures 2 and d, as ya source ot primary air, and the apertures 5 become the source of secondary air. v

At either stage, it is highly advantageous to have a maximum concentration of secondary air just above the zone of admission of the primary air.

Stated mechanically, my conception of varying the volume of the introduction of air at various levels involves, in the particular form of the device shown, the employment of two pairs of rows of apertures. The lowest pair, including the apertures 2, s, is located in a lower portion of the pot, the lowest row being belowY and the upper row of the pair being above the bame Il. Preferably the lowest row of apertures includes a smaller number of apertures than the row next above. whereby a minimum volume ofY air is admitted below the baille and the maximum volume is admitted Just abovetlie baille. Then there is a relatively blank space between the primary air apertures S'and 4. The highest primary row of apertures 4 and the secondary apertures are shown in the particular form. illustrated herein as constituting an upper pair of apertures quite widely spaced from the lower pair.

It willI be understood, of course, that I may introduce the secondary air in some other fashion,l but the particular arrangement herein shown is.

practical andhas the advantage oi permitting the control oi both primary and secondary air vby apertures which may all be punched in the single blank illustrated in Fig. 3. These pairs oi' rows of apertures constitute a practical and simple solution of `my problem and provide a much more effectively operating pot than a pot in which the rows are uniformly distributed and inv which the primary apertures are uniformly distributed in the various rows of primary apertures'.

. I claim:

1. In a device for burning liquid hydrocarbons, an open-topped pot having a bottom and a circumferential apertured wall, a baille in a lower portion of said pot, means lor delivering a liquidvfuel to said pot, the wall o t said pot below said baille being provided with a plurality of primaryair inlet apertures, the wall above the baille being provided with air inlet apertures arranged in `a plurality of rows, one row of said apertures being located above but closely adiacent the baille, and

tlsA

another row or rows being locatedat a still higher level, the apertures of the row adjacent the baille having a total area substantially greater than that of the apertures of the next upper row. whereby a maximum volume of airis admitted to "the pot at al level adjacent but above the baule,

and means for supplying secondary air at a level adjacent the top of the pot.

2. In a device for burning liquid hydrocarbons, an open-topped pot having a bottom and a circumierential apertured wall, a baille in a lower portion of said pot, means `for delivering a liquid fuel to said pot, the wall o! said pot below said baille being provided with a plurality of primary assale? airinietapmuremhewsiiabovetnebamebeinr '.provided with air inlet apertures arranged in a plurality of rows, one row of said apertures being located above but closely adjacent the baille, and

another rowor rows being located at a still higher level. the apertures of the row adjacent the baille .being more numerous and more closely spaced than the apertures, of the upper row or rows.I whereby a maximum volume of air is admitted to the pot at a level adjacent but above the bame, and means for supplying secondary air at a level adjacent the top o2 the pot.

3. In a liquid hydrocarbon burner, a pot body having a generally cylindrical side wall and a D primary apertures by a space substantially exceeding the spacing between the two said firstA mentioned rows, anda centrally apertured pilot baille located in said pot between the two lowest rows of primary air apertures, the lowest row of 1 primary air apertures having a substantially smaller number of apertures therein than the row next above it.

4. ln a device for burning liquid hydrocarbons,

v an open-topped pot having a bottom and a circumferential apertured wall. a baille located intermediate the top and bottom of said pot, means for delivering a liquid fuelto said pot, means for deliveringprimary air, in relatively small volume.

to the space beneath said banie, means for de-- Mering-air, in substantially greater volumepto the pot immediately above said baille, additional means for admitting the air lto said pot above the baille, said additional means being vertically separated from said last previously mentioned means by a substantial distance, and means foi' supplying secondary air, at a level adjacent the top of the pot. s

5. In a device for burning liquid hydrocarbons, an open-topped pot having a bottom and a circumferential apertured wall. a baille located intermediate the top and bottom of saidrpotfmeans for delivering a liquid fuel to said pot,means for delivering primary air, in relatively small volume, to the space beneath said baille, means for delivering air, in substantially greater volume, to the pot immediately above said bame, said means including a plurality of inlets arranged circumferentially about the pot at a level adjacent the baille aperture, said pot having, abovel said inlets, a blank spaceof substantial vertical height, said pot having additional airinlets above said' blank space, and means for supplying secondary air at a.V level adjacent the top of the pot.

s. rn s device for bin-ning liquid hydrocarbons.

,an open topped pot having a bottom and means chamber being provided with a plurality of air inlet apertures, the wall o f the upper chamber being provided with a plurality, of air inlet apertures, the pot wall having a series of apertures located adjacent the level and above the aperture in the partition. the apertures of said series being more closely spaced than the apertures in immediately adjacent portions of the'pot wall of the upper chamber and having a-combined area such that a concentration of air is admitted ytol the upper chamber at a level adjacent the level of delivery of vaporized fuel upwardly through the aperture in said partitionqmeans, and means for supplying secondary air at a' level adjacent the top of the pot.

'7. In a device for burning' liquid hydrocarbons, an open topped pot having a bottom and means for supplying fuel thereto, and a circumferential apertured wall, a generally horizontal partition means located intermediate top and bottom of the pot and dividing the interior of the -pot in to two chambers. said partition means having a generally central aperture' through which the chambers communicate, the wall of the lower chamber being provided with a plurality of air inlet apertures, thewall of the upper chamber being provided with a plurality of airinlet apertures, the

pot wall of the upper chamberhav-ing a' row of apertures located adjacent the level 'and above the aperture in the partition, the apertures of said row being more closely spaced than the apertures in the immediately adjacent portions of the pot wall of the upper chamber, and having a combined area such that a concentration of air is admitted to the upper chamber at a level adjacent the level of delivery of vaporized fuel upwardly through the aperture in said partition" means, and meansfor supplying secondary air at a level adjacent the top of the pot, said partition means including a generally cylindrical guiding portion; Ydefining the connecting aperture between the upper and lower chambers. w

8. In a device for burning liquid hydrocarbons, an open topped pot having a bottom and means for supplying fuel thereto, and a circumferential apertured wall, a generallyl horizontal partition means located intermediate top and bottom of the pot anddividing the interior of the pot into separate chambers, said partition means having a generally central aperture through which the chambers communicate and through which va- .'ber being provided with a plurality or air imei.

apertures, the pot wall having a series of air inlet apertures discharging adjacent lthe level at which the upwardly flowing vaporized fuel is dis-A charged from the 4central aperture in the partition, the apertures of. said series being more closely spaced than the'apertures in immediately adjacent portions of the pot wall of' the upper chamber. and having a. combined area such that a concentration of air is admitted to the upper chamber at a level adjacent the level of delivery of vaporized fuel thereto and means for supplying secondary air at a level adjacent the top'of the A. i

mt l

` JAMES L. BREEBE. 

